Background/Aims The neuroprotective effect of nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation has been demonstrated in both animal models ...

Background/aim Clinical uncertainty remains regarding optimal atropine concentration, treatment duration and potential differences in efficacy for myopia control between Asian and non-Asian children.

Correspondence to Michael F Chiang, Departments of Ophthalmology & Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; ...

Background Chronic antigenic stimulation, including autoimmune disorders and infection, may contribute to lymphoproliferation in specific tissues. Chlamydia species have been linked to ocular adnexal ...

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) has been defined as a chronic and diffuse abnormality of the meibomian glands (MG) that can encompass alterations in both the quality and/or quantity of meibum.1 This ...

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In 2018, a consortium of government bodies in China led by the Ministry of Education released the Comprehensive Plan to Prevent Nearsightedness among Children and Teenagers (CPPNCT), aiming to reduce ...

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Correspondence to Dr Jelle Vehof, Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK; j.vehof{at}umcg.nl ...

A V Levin, Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8; alex.levin{at}sickkids.ca If you wish to reuse ...

Cotton wool spots (CWSs) comprise localised accumulations of axoplasmic debris within adjacent bundles of unmyelinated ganglion cell axons. Their formation is widely held to reflect focal ischaemia ...

2 Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China Background Myopia is a pervasive global public health concern, ...