In general, you want to avoid writing down sensitive information and just keeping it in your head but that's not always an option. If you have to write down a password, or some other sensitive ...

The 35-year-old saga of Kryptos, an enigmatic sculpture containing four encrypted messages outside the CIA headquarters, just ...

How does one crack the world’s most famous code? The breakthroughs on Kryptos provide a guided tour through the cat and mouse game between code makers and code breakers that has defined information ...

1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

You could do worse than to confuse the meanings of "code" and "cipher"—even cryptographers sometime use the terms as though they had the same meaning. There is, however, a definite distinction between ...